Cognitive health refers to the ability to think, learn, and remember clearly—essential for carrying out everyday activities. While cognitive health is one aspect of overall brain health, it’s influenced by various factors, including genetics, environment, and lifestyle. Although we can’t control genetic factors, we can manage many environmental and lifestyle factors to help maintain cognitive health as we age.

Brain health encompasses several areas, including:

• Cognitive health: Your ability to think, learn, and remember.
• Motor function: Your ability to make and control movements.
• Emotional function: How you interpret and respond to emotions.
• Sensory function: Your ability to see, hear, taste, and smell.

Brain health can be impacted by age-related changes, injuries, mood disorders, and diseases like Alzheimer’s. However, there are steps you can take to help preserve cognitive function.

Maintaining your physical health can also benefit your cognitive health. You can:

• Get regular health screenings and manage chronic conditions.
• Discuss medications with your doctor to understand potential side effects on memory and brain function.
• Treat age-related sensory conditions like hearing or vision loss.
• Reduce risks of falls and brain injuries.
• Limit alcohol consumption and avoid smoking or using nicotine products.
• Eat a balanced diet rich in nutrients, low in animal fats, and high in vitamins and fiber.
• Aim for seven to nine hours of sleep each night.

High blood pressure, especially in midlife, can increase the risk of cognitive decline. Regular screenings can help you monitor your blood pressure, and managing it through diet, exercise, and medication can protect both your heart and brain.

Regular physical activity has numerous benefits, including improved strength, balance, mood, and cognitive health. Aim for at least 150 minutes of physical activity each week. Activities like walking, household chores, or joining exercise programs can help maintain your overall health and cognitive function.

Engaging in cognitive training and other mentally stimulating activities can help maintain cognitive health. Activities like learning new skills, taking up hobbies, and socializing can support brain function and potentially reduce the risk of cognitive decline.

Social engagement can help prevent isolation and support cognitive health. Staying connected with family, friends, and community through activities like volunteering or joining clubs can help keep your mind sharp.

Conditions like stroke, depression, and delirium can negatively impact cognitive health. Effective management of these conditions can help prevent or delay cognitive decline.

Some medications can cause confusion or memory loss, especially in older adults. It’s important to discuss any concerns with your doctor and review the potential side effects of your medications.

Taking small, consistent steps to maintain your physical, emotional, and cognitive health can have a big impact on your overall well-being. By staying active, connected, and mindful of your health, you can support your cognitive function now and in the future.